International Relations: Paradigms

Offensive Realism


· Concern with large state. How nation will behave under condition of anarchy
· Nation state will expand their borders until someone says stop
· Dominant power (hegemon) is measured by army strength
· Smaller states have to establish relations with the (dominant power) state.
· Georgia, Isreal, Poland are smaller countries with hegemon support
· Ex. US said stop to Russia (After it invaded Georgia)
· Realists believe morale is spiritual, countries does not follow morale.
· Realists does not worry about domestic constitution.

Example of offensive realist: John J. Mearsheimer (true pioneer)

Defensive Realism

· Accept the idea of self interest and self preservation.
· Argue that states search for equilibrium, a balance of power in the world.
· Balance of power – major states have to find balance with other countries in orer to create peace.
· State would rather exist peacefully than be in a war state.
· Believe in multi polar world

Example of defensive realist: Stephen M Walt